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Table 2 Prevalence of non-nutritive sweeteners consumption by dietary source among low-medium income pre-schoolers from the Food and Environment Chilean Cohort, by sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics

From: Consumption of non-nutritive sweeteners by pre-schoolers of the food and environment Chilean cohort (FECHIC) before the implementation of the Chilean food labelling and advertising law

  Prevalence of non-nutritive sweeteners consumption, n (%)
Characteristics From at least one source of NNS From foods and beverages only From foods, beverages and table-top sweeteners Did not report NNS consumption
Total sample (n = 959) 651 (67.9) 532 (55.5) 119 (12.4) 308 (32.1)
Sex
 Female (n = 498) 324 (49.8) 259 (48.7) 65 (54.6) 174 (56.5)
 Male (n = 461) 327 (50.2) 273 (51.3)* 54 (45.4) 134 (43.5)
Age, years
 < 4.6 (n = 481) 331 (50.8) 275 (51.7) 56 (47.1) 150 (48.7)
 > 4.6 (n = 478) 320 (49.2) 257 (48.3) 63 (52.9) 158 (51.3)
Level of maternal education
 Low (<  12 years of study) (n = 171) 107 (16.4) 93 (17.5) 14 (11.8) 64 (20.8)
 Medium (12 years of study) (n = 397) 258 (39.6) 209 (39.3) 49 (41.2) 139 (45.1)
 High (12 years of study) (n = 391) 286 (44.0)* 230 (43.2)* 56 (47.0)* 105 (34.1)
Child weight status a
 Normal weight (n = 508) (−2SD < BMI-for age z-score < +1SD) 335 (51.5) 267 (50.2) 68 (57.1) 173 (56.2)
 Overweight (n = 276) (+1SD < BMI-for-age z-score < +2SD) 191 (29.3) 172 (32.3) 19 (16.0) 85 (27.6)
 Obese (n = 175) (+1SD < BMI-for-age z-score < +2SD) 125 (19.2) 93 (17.5) 32 (26.9)** 50 (16.2)
Child abdominal obesity bc
 Absence (n = 865) 582 (89.5) 482 (90.8) 100 (84.0) 283 (92.2)
 Presence (n = 92) 68 (10.5) 49 (9.2) 19 (16.0)* 24 (7.8)
Maternal weight status de
 Non obese (BMI < 30 kg/m2) (n = 593) 412 (66.2) 333 (65.7) 79 (68.7) 181 (60.9)
 Obese (BMI > 30 kg/m2) (n = 326) 210 (33.8) 174 (34.3) 36 (31.3) 116 (39.1)
Maternal abdominal obesity ef
 Absence (n = 410) 287 (46.1) 228 (45.0) 59 (51.3) 123 (41.4)
 Presence (n = 509) 335 (53.9) 279 (55.0) 56 (48.7) 174 (58.6)
  1. aDefined based on WHO Child Growth Standards 2006 for children under 5-years-old and WHO Growth Reference 2007 for children above 5-years-old [46, 47, 53]
  2. bWaist circumference measures were compared to USA percentiles describe by Fernandez et al. [49] and Cook et al. criteria was used to assess abdominal obesity among children [50]
  3. cData were available for 957 preschool children, two children refused to be measured
  4. dDefined based on WHO cut-off points for Body Mass Index in adults [48]
  5. eData were available for 919 mothers; 38 mothers were pregnant and two refused to be measured
  6. fDefined based on the criteria for clinical identification of metabolic syndrome described by the Adult Treatment Panel III 2001 [51]
  7. * P < 0.05 analysed using Chi2 independence test
  8. ** P < 0.01 analysed using Chi2 independence test
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Nutrition Journal

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