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|
Variable
|
Chitosan group (n)/Control group (n)
|
No. of treatment arms
|
Pooled SMD(mmol/L)
|
95% CI
|
Z-value
|
P-value
|
I-squared (%)
|
|---|
|
subgroups
|
|
Dose of chitosan (g/d)
|
|
< 1.6
|
137/135
|
4
|
−0.29
|
−0.51 - -0.07
|
2.62
|
0.009
|
86.60
|
|
1.6–3
|
336/332
|
8
|
−0.42
|
− 0.57 - -0.26
|
5.28
|
0.000
|
74.20
|
|
≥3
|
151/151
|
2
|
−0.16
|
−0.39- 0.06
|
1.40
|
0.160
|
0.00
|
|
Intervention duration (weeks)
|
|
> 13
|
315/310
|
5
|
−0.48
|
−0.64 - -0.32
|
5.90
|
0.000
|
81.20
|
|
≤ 13
|
341/343
|
9
|
−0.18
|
−0.33 - -0.03
|
2.35
|
0.019
|
67.40
|
|
Study design
|
|
Parallel
|
460/460
|
10
|
−0.35
|
−0.48 - -0.22
|
5.20
|
0.000
|
70.10
|
|
Crossover
|
196/193
|
4
|
−0.27
|
−0.47 - -0.06
|
2.58
|
0.010
|
86.60
|
|
Age
|
|
< 50
|
516/507
|
9
|
−0.34
|
−0.48 - -0.02
|
2.10
|
0.036
|
81.80
|
|
≥ 50
|
140/146
|
4
|
−0.25
|
−0.47 - -0.22
|
5.42
|
0.000
|
0.70
|
|
Study population
|
|
Diabetes
|
94/95
|
3
|
−0.66
|
−0.96 - -0.36
|
4.29
|
0.000
|
87.40
|
|
Overweight/Obese
|
320/314
|
6
|
−0.39
|
−0.55 - -0.24
|
4.86
|
0.000
|
80.00
|
|
Dyslipidemia
|
242/244
|
5
|
−0.12
|
− 0.30 - 0.06
|
1.31
|
0.189
|
0.00
|
